ten34-09acc.pdf

ETA Advisory File Text

EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WASHINGTON D.C. 20210 NO. 34-09 TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT NOTICE DATE March 18 2010 TO STATE WORKFORCE AGENCIES STATE WORKFORCE ADMINISTRATORS FROM JANE OATES s Assistant Secretary for Employment and Training SUBJECT Workforce Investment Act WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Training 1. Purpose . To provide a general overview of the aggregate characteristics services and outcomes for the population of Workforce Investment Act WIA Adult and Dislocated Workers who have exited the program and received training services between Program Years PY 2004 and PY 2008. 2. References . Workforce Investment Act WIA of 1998 Section 136 Workforce Investment Act of 1998 title ID National Emergency Grants Training and Employment Guidance Letter TEGL No. 14-03 and TEGL No. 14-03 Change 1 Performance Reporting Submission Procedures for the Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD the Annual Report and the Quarterly Reports under Title IB of the Workforce Investment Act WIA for Program Year PY 2003 and 2004 TEGL No. 17-05 Common Measures Policy for the Employment and Training Administration s ETA Performance Accountability System and Related Performance Issues TEGL No. 24-08 Workforce Investment Act and Wagner-Peyser Act Performance Accountability Reporting for the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 TEGL No. 12-09 Joint Guidance for States Seeking to Implement Subsidized Work-Based Training Programs for Unemployed Workers 3. Background . The primary purpose of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Recovery Act was threefold to preserve and create jobs to promote the nation s economic recovery and structural adjustment and to assist those individuals most severely impacted by the economic recession. In view of the additional workforce funding provided for in the Recovery Act and the subsequent employment and training services that are made manifest the - 2 - workforce system is playing a critical role in America s economic recovery by assisting workers who are facing serious challenges navigating the ongoing global structural economic readjustment in addition to the severe malaise brought about by the economic downturn. The Employment and Training Administration ETA has previously provided guidance to states and local areas see TEGL 24-08 directing those entities to fully utilize the additional workforce funding to increase the number of customers served provide more in-depth services and significantly increase the number and proportion of those customers who receive training particularly in emerging and high demand occupations and industries. To that end this notice provides an overview of the recent trends in training across the past five program years. Training data contained in the state WIA Standardized Record Data WIASRD files provides information on aggregate trends in WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker training activities to facilitate better utilization of future training resources. The WIA Dislocated Worker numbers include those exiters who participated in state and or local programs as well as National Emergency Grant projects. 4. Overview of Training and Other Services . The following charts and tables contain aggregate national data on the types of services received by WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker program exiters who were included in the state WIASRD files from PY 2004 through PY 2008. Chart 1 displays trends in the types of services provided to the combined population of WIA adult and dislocated workers who exited the programs during PY 2004 through PY 2008 the most recent data available 1. 1 Program Year 2008 data span the period April 1 2008 to March 31 2009 rather than the July 1 2008 to June 30 2009 program year throughout this document due to the reporting timeframes and availability of outcomes data. - 3 - Chart 1 Types of Services Total WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Program Exiters 0 200 000 400 000 600 000 800 000 1 000 000 1 200 000 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Exite r s Cor e Se r vice s Inte ns iveSe r vice sWorkforce Infor m ation Se r vice sTr aining Total Number o f Ex iter s Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Exiters 1 121 126 989 444 910 034 483 342 410 894 Core Services 526 324 286 088 225 992 178 138 134 967 Intensive Services 415 858 329 415 330 660 346 376 322 114 Workforce Information Services 389 351 314 321 278 105 81 106 167 927 Training 146 501 166 969 180 952 191 797 202 399 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 1 indicates The total number of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters has increased by nearly 300 percent over the five year period going from 410 894 exiters in PY 2004 to 1 121 126 exiters in PY 2008. The most substantial increase occurred between PY 2005 and PY 2006 and was likely a function of large scale co-enrollment of Wagner-Peyser participants in WIA programs by several states 2. The number of exiters receiving core and workforce information services has also increased substantially with core services increasing by nearly 400 percent particularly between PY 2007 and PY 2008 and workforce information services increasing by over 200 percent. The number of adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving intensive services has also increased albeit not as dramatically. The total number of adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving training services has steadily declined between PY 2004 and PY 2008. 2 Exiters who participated in self-service activities only are not included in the national WIASRD file used in this analysis. - 4 - Chart 2 presents the type of services received by WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters expressed as a percent of the total number of adult and d islocated worker exiters. Chart 2 Types of Services Received by WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Program Exiters as a Percent of Total Exiters 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Cor e Se r vice sInte ns ive Se r vice s Wor k for ce Infor m ation Se r vice sTraining Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Core Services 46.9 28.9 24.8 36.9 32.8 Intensive Services 37.1 33.3 36.3 71.7 78.4 Workforce Information Services 34.7 31.8 30.6 16.8 40.9 Training 13.1 16.9 19.9 39.7 49.3 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 2 indicates The percentage of adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving core services increased every program year except from PY 2005 to PY 2006. I n PY 2008 nearly half of the exiters received core services. The percentage of exiters receiving workforce information services decreased substantially between PY 2004 to PY 2005 before increasing in each subsequent year. The percentage of exiters receiving intensive services decreased from approximately 78 percent to 37 percent over the period. The percentage of exiters receiving training decreased from approximately 50 percent of the total number of exiters in PY 2004 to just over 13 percent of the total number of exiters in PY 2008. 5. Characteristics of Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training . The series of charts and tables in this section present information on basic demographic employment status public services and human capital characteristics of the set of WIA adult and dislocated worker program exiters who received training services in the PY 2004 through PY 2008 period. - 5 - Chart 3 displays a breakout of the racia l and ethnicity characteristics of adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training. The percentages will n ot sum to 100 percent because an exiter may be classified under one or more of the race or ethnicity categories. Chart 3 Racial Characteristics WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 PY2008 PY2007 PY2006 PY2005 PY2004 White Black His panic As ian Native Am e r icanHa w a i i a n Race Ethnicity PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 White 63.9 62.8 61.8 61.0 59.6 Black 25.3 26.3 26.7 25.5 26.4 Hispanic 13.6 14.5 15.5 16.7 15.2 Asian 2.6 2.7 3.4 4.1 4.4 Native American 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 Hawaiian 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in Chart 3 indicates The majority approximately three-fifths of exiters who received training were classified as white. Approximately 26 percent of exiters who received training were classifie d as black over the PY 2004 to PY 2008 period. Hispanic exiters constituted approximately 15 percent of all adult and dislocated workers that received training in PY 2004. This share declined slightly to 13.6 percent by PY 2008. Asian exiters represented 4.4 percent of all adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training in PY 2004. This share fell slightly to 2.6 percent by PY 2008. Native American and Hawaiian exiters represented just over 2 percent of all adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving training over the entire period. - 6 - Chart 4 presents the gender composition of adult and dislocated worker exiters in training across the period PY 2004 PY 2008. Chart 4 Gender WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 Fe m aleM ale PY 2004 Gender PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Female 55.8 55.9 56.6 57.7 56.7 Male 44.2 44.1 43.4 42.3 43.3 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 4 indicates The gender composition of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters that received training remained nearly constant across the period with the population of females exceeding the population of males by about 56 percent to 44 percent. Chart 5 presents socioeconomic background characteristics of the population of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters in training. Once again the percentages will not sum to 100 percent because individuals may be classified into more than one category. - 7 - Chart 5 Background Characteristics WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Low incom e Single pare nt Ve te ran Offe nde r Dis ability Dis place d homemaker Background Characteristics PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Low income 54.7 55.1 59.1 59.6 66.5 Single parent 18.9 19.6 18.9 19.8 19.4 Veteran 6.7 6.8 6.8 7.3 7.4 Offender 6.0 6.3 10.2 6.1 5.0 Disability 3.4 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.0 Displaced homemaker 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.2 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 5 indicates The proportion of low-income exiters in training fell from 66.5 percent in PY 2004 to 54.7 percent in PY 2008. The largest change occurred between PY 2004 and PY 2005 going from 66.5 percent to 59.6 percent. Single parents represented approximately 19 percent of the adult and dislocated worker exiters in training across the entire period. Veterans comprised approximately 7 percent of the exiters in training with a very minimal downward trend from PY 2004 to PY 2008. Persons with offender status represented 5 percent of exiters in training in PY 2004. This percentage increased to just over 10 percent in PY 2006 before falling to 6 percent by PY 2008. The proportion of adult and dislocated worker exiters in training with disabilities fell very slightly from 4 percent in PY 2004 to 3.4 percent in PY 2008. The share of displaced homemaker exiters in training climbed slightly from 1.2 percent in PY 2004 to 2 percent in PY 2008. - 8 - On the whole the low-income classification was the only category to demonstrate a relatively meaningful movement over the period. Chart 6 displays the human capital characteristics of the WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving training. These characteristics reflect the initial skill set of the population of exiters in training and will not sum to 100 percent due to the non-unique nature of these categories. Chart 6 Human Capital Characteristics WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Basic Skill Deficient Limited EnglishPro f iciency Less Than High School High School DropoutGED or Certificate ofCompletion High School Graduate Associat e or Ot her Post -Secondary Degree Bachelors Degree Beyond BachelorsDegree Human Capital Characteristics PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Basic Skill Deficient 44.0 43.7 42.9 31.8 34.5 Limited English Proficiency 4.0 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.4 Less Than High School 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.9 2.7 High School Dropout 8.0 8.9 11.0 9.6 9.0 General Educational Development Diploma GED or Certificate of Completion 9.1 8.8 8.1 7.6 7.0 High School Graduate 44.3 44.4 44.9 44.7 45.9 Associate or Other Post-Secondary Degree 5.0 4.3 2.9 2.3 2.2 Bachelors Degree 7.6 7.1 7.2 7.0 6.3 Beyond Bachelors Degree 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 6 indicates The proportion of adult and dislocated worker exiters receiving training who were basic skills deficient climbed from 34.5 percent in PY 2004 to 44 percent in PY 2008. This proportion fell between PY 2004 and PY 2005 before rising over the rest of the period. Exiters in training who had Limited English proficiency hovered around 5 percent over the entire period with the lowest share 4 percent occurring in PY 2008. - 9 - The share of adult and dislocated worker exiters in training who were high school graduates remained about 45 percent across the entire period. The share of exiters in training with less than a high school education fell slightly from 2.9 percent in PY 2005 to 1.4 percent in PY 2008. The sha re of exiters in training that dropped out of high school rose slightly from 9 percent in PY 2004 to 11 percent in PY 2006 before declining to 8 percent by PY 2008. The proportion of exiters in training with a GED or certificate of completion rose slightly from 7 percent in PY 2004 to just over 9 percent in PY 2008. The percentage of exiters in training with an associates or other post secondary degree rose from just over 2 percent in PY 2004 to 5 percent i n PY 2008. The share of bachelor s degrees rose slightly from 6.3 percent in PY 2004 to 7.6 percent in PY 2008. The share of exiters in training with education beyond the baccalaureate level was constant at just under 2 percent across the entire period. Chart 7 shows the composition of WIA adult and dislocated workers in training who were recipients of some other form of public assistance. Chart 7 Recipients of Public Assistance WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Une m ploym e nt CompensationOthe r Public As s is tance Te m porary As s is tance to Ne e dy Fam ilie s Type of Public Assistance PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Unemployment Compensation 36.2 36.7 36.7 42.5 47.6 Other Public Assistance 18.9 19.8 11.3 12.0 6.2 Temporary Assistance to Needy Families 4.7 4.8 5.6 6.1 7.2 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD - 10 - The data in chart 7 indicates The share of adult and dislocated worker exiters in training who received unemployment compensation fell from approximately 47 percent in PY 2004 to just over 36 percent in PY 2008. The proportion of exiters receiving temporary assistance to needy families TANF fell slightly from 7.2 percent in PY 2004 to 4.7 percent in PY 2008. However the share receiving some other form of public assistance rose from just over 6 percent in PY 2004 to around 12 percent in PY 2005 and PY 2006 before rising to around 19 percent by PY 2007 and PY 2008. Chart 8 presents the employment status of the population of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training. This information will sum to 100 percent because these categories are mutually exclusive. Chart 8 Employment Status at Registration WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Une m ploye dEm ploye d Re ce ive d Layoff Notice Employment Status at Registration PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Unemployed 64.7 66.9 72.0 73.1 79.1 Employed 31.9 29.8 24.8 24.9 19.9 Received Layoff Notice 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.1 1.0 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 8 indicates The share of adult and dislocated worker exiters in training who were unemployed at registration fell from just over 79 percent in PY 2004 to 64.7 percent in PY 2008. The proportion of this population that was employed at registration rose from roughly 20 percent in PY 2004 to approximately 32 percent in PY - 11 - 2008. The largest changes occurred between PY 2004 and PY 2005 as well as between PY 2006 and PY 2007. 6. Characteristics of the Training Services . The following series of charts and tables present information on the nature of the training services themselves. Information is provided on the distribution of the length of training in weeks the average length of training in weeks the type of training received the distribution of the 20 most common occupations of training the share of the total density of the top 20 occupations of training the 10 most common occupations of training the share of exiters receiving training that entered training related employment and the composition of received credentials that were associated with the training activities. Chart 9 displays the distribution of the total number of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training for the given number of weeks over a one year period. Chart 9 Distribution of Length of Training WIA Adult and Dislocate d Worker Exiters Receiving Training 161116 212631 3641 4651PY 2008PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 20040 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 W eek s of Training Total Number of Exiters - 12 - Weeks of Training PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 1 3 219 3 651 3 566 3 764 3 198 2 4 442 4 755 5 512 4 821 4 703 3 6 883 7 690 8 893 8 997 8 630 4 5 531 6 573 6 660 7 093 6 860 5 5 195 5 575 5 890 5 946 5 899 6 3 950 4 553 4 850 4 965 4 953 7 4 210 4 879 5 382 5 128 5 673 8 3 948 4 830 5 633 5 069 4 859 9 3 557 4 051 4 418 4 772 4 764 10 3 529 3 733 4 236 4 215 4 335 11 3 091 3 482 3 879 4 181 4 310 12 3 178 3 706 3 966 4 246 4 361 13 2 478 3 328 3 215 3 476 3 883 14 2 190 2 596 2 912 2 967 3 054 15 2 305 2 972 3 049 3 253 3 392 16 2 477 3 026 3 105 3 333 3 348 17 2 321 2 966 3 147 3 199 3 254 18 1 850 2 246 2 384 2 712 2 507 19 1 739 2 108 2 325 2 384 2 492 20 1 524 1 926 1 931 2 091 2 212 21 1 640 2 140 2 086 2 098 2 358 22 1 370 1 605 1 652 2 056 2 044 23 1 571 1 853 1 923 2 095 2 396 24 1 466 1 738 1 845 2 055 2 118 25 1 917 2 193 2 274 2 055 2 567 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 9 indicates The number of participants receiving training for the various numbers of weeks declined each year from PY 2004 to PY 2008. This suggests that there were less exiters on average in training for any given number of weeks of training. The distribution of the number of individuals in training for the given number of weeks however remained nearly identical. For instance there were spikes in the number of individuals in training for 3 weeks 15 weeks 24 weeks 34 and 35 weeks in each year. While the precise reason for this is difficult to determine it likely reflects stability in the type of training being provided to many of the exiters over the period. For instance a hypothetical truck driver training program may last 3-6 weeks and so may explain that spike in the number of individuals in training for that length of time. Chart 10 shows the average length of training for WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters in training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. - 13 - Chart 10 Average Length of Training WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 Week s of Training PY 2008 PY 2007PY 2006PY 2005PY 2004 Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Average Length of Training in Weeks 34.4 34.2 34.4 37.7 37.7 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 10 indicates The average length of training for WIA adult and dislocated workers in training fell from 37.7 weeks in PY 2004 PY 2005 to 34.4 weeks in PY 2008. This finding is consistent with chart 9. Chart 11 presents training by type for the trained adult and dislocated worker population over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. The percentages will not sum to 100 percent because individuals may receive more than one type of training. - 14 - Chart 11 Type of Training WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 O ther occupational skillstraining Skill upgrading andretraining On-the-job Customiz ed ABE or ESL with trainingEnt rep reneu rial Type of Training PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Other occupational skills training 81.4 79.3 77.2 78.6 75.7 Skill upgrading and retraining 13.0 13.0 11.9 16.7 20.3 On-the-job 9.9 10.8 11.2 9.9 9.2 Customized 5.9 6.4 8.3 5.8 4.0 ABE or ESL with training 1.3 1.5 3.7 3.6 3.7 Entrepreneurial 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 11 indicates The most common training category was the other occupational skills training with percentages rising from 75.7 percent in PY 2004 to 81.4 percent in PY 2008. Skill upgrading and retraining services were the second most common category of training however its share fell from 20.3 percent in PY 20 04 to 13 percent in PY 2008. The share of exiters receiving customized training rose from 4 percent in PY 2004 to 8.3 percent in PY 2006 before falling back to 5.9 percent in PY 2008. The percentage of exiters receiving Adult Basic Education ABE or English as a Second Language ESL in combination with training fell from approximately 3.7 percent between PY 2004 and PY 2006 to 1.3 percent in PY 2008. The share of exiters receiving entrepreneurial training was less than one percent over the entire period. Collection of this type of training began in PY 2005. - 15 - Chart 12 shows the ranked distribution of the number of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training by occupation code for the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. Chart 12 Distributions of the Top 20 Training Occupations WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 000 10 000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314151617181920 Ranked Top 20 Occ upation of Training Codes Number of Exiters Receiving Training PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Rank PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 1 8 229 8 815 7 630 7 644 6 445 2 7 379 8 166 7 293 6 144 4 382 3 6 198 6 758 6 140 5 168 3 746 4 5 780 6 253 4 863 3 870 3 724 5 3 389 3 968 3 545 3 786 2 818 6 2 021 2 640 2 893 3 746 2 765 7 1 784 2 239 2 644 3 637 2 585 8 1 696 2 012 2 546 1 947 2 270 9 1 533 1 944 1 795 1 851 1 709 10 1 367 1 699 1 577 1 567 1 560 11 1 365 1 619 1 548 1 560 1 398 12 1 224 1 612 1 383 1 518 1 317 13 1 194 1 441 1 292 1 345 1 316 14 1 188 1 411 1 269 1 293 1 294 15 1 139 1 314 1 240 1 098 1 280 16 985 1 011 1 154 1 075 1 186 17 926 1 010 1 118 1 066 1 068 18 856 963 1 054 952 1 017 19 852 915 1 049 932 977 20 817 888 913 844 967 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 12 indicates Training became slightly more concentrated in the top 10 occupations from PY 2004 to PY 2008. This is reflected in the graph by a larger number of exiters in the top 10 occupations in PY 2007 and PY 2008 than in the - 16 - preceding years. This gap closes considerably around the 15 th most common occupation. Chart 13 displays the share of the top 20 occupations of training from PY 2004 to PY 2008 for the population of adult and dislocated workers in training. Chart 13 Share of the Total Density of the Top 20 Training Occupations WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 PY 2008 PY 2007PY 2006PY 2005PY 2004 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 49.4 49.6 47.2 44.6 39.5 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 13 indicates The concentration of training in the top 20 occupations has risen from 39.5 percent of the total occupations of training to nearly half of all occupations of training. This means that more adult and dislocated worker exiters are being trained in the 20 most common occupations of training in PY 2008 than in earlier years. This finding supports the data presented in chart 12. Table 2 presents the top 10 occupations of training ranked from most common to least common for the population of adult and dislocated workers in training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. - 17 - Table 2 Top 10 Training Occupations WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training Rank PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 1 Truck Drivers Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Heavy and Tractor-Trailer 2 Nursing Aides Orderlies and Attendants Nursing Aides Orderlies and Attendants Nursing Aides Orderlies and Attendants Nursing Aides Orderlies and Attendants Nursing Aides Orderlies and Attendants 3 Registered Nurses Registered Nurses Registered Nurses Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 4 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses Registered Nurses Registered Nurses 5 Medical Assistants Medical Assistants Medical Assistants Medical Assistants Medical Assistants 6 Production Workers All Other Production Workers All Other Customer Service Representatives Production Workers All Other Office Clerks General 7 Office Clerks General Truck Drivers Light or Delivery Services Office Clerks General Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants Production Workers All Other 8 Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants Office Clerks General Medical Secretaries Computer Support Specialists Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 9 Truck Drivers Light or Delivery Services Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants Truck Drivers Light or Delivery Services Customer Service Representatives Computer Support Specialists 10 Customer Service Representatives Customer Service Representatives Bookkeeping Accounting and Auditing Clerks Office Clerks General Bookkeeping Accounting and Auditing Clerks Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in table 2 indicates The most common occupations of training were similar between PY 2004 and PY 2008. While the ranking of any particular occupation may fluctuate slightly the most common occupations of training are truck driving occupations nursing occupations medical assistants general production workers office clerks executive secretaries and administrative assistants and customer service representatives. These occupations account for approximately 40 percent of all the occupations in which WIA adult and dislocated workers are trained. Chart 14 presents the share of the WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters who entered employment in a field related to the occupation of their training services by the end of the quarter following their exit quarter. This data was drawn from - 18 - the quarters beginning October 1 and en ding September 30 preceding the given program year under consideration. This was done to accommodate the 6 mo nth lag encapsulated within the entered employment measure. Chart 14 Entered Training Related Employment WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 PY 2008 PY 2007PY 2006PY 2005PY 2004 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 54 54 50 55 52 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 14 indicates In general just over half of the WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training obtained employment in a field related to that training within six months. However this result excludes approximately 40 percent of WIA adult and dislocated worker exiters that received training because they did not enter employment within six months or because the information was not known. Chart 15 displays information on the type of recognized credential that was obtained through the training services provided to adult and dislocated worker exiters via WIA related services. - 19 - Chart 15 Type of Recognized Credential WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Occupational Skills Certificate Credential None Occupational SkillsLicensure AA or AS Diploma DegreeOther Recognized Educational OccupationalSkills Certificate BA or BS Diploma Degree High School Diploma GED Type of Recognized Credential PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Occupational Skills Certificate Credential 40.2 42.2 43.6 46.1 47.6 None 33.7 31.3 27.1 24.7 26.2 Occupational Skills Licensure 11.4 11.4 11.3 10.6 10.8 AA or AS Diploma Degree 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.8 6.2 Other Recognized Educational Occupational Skills Certificate 5.2 5.6 8.5 8.9 7.6 BA or BS Diploma Degree 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.2 High School Diploma GED 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 Source Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD The data in chart 15 illustrates The share of the WIA adult and dislocated worker population who received training and obtained an occupational skills certificate or credential consistently declined each year in the period under consideration from 47.6 percent in PY 2004 to 40.2 percent in PY 2008. However this type of certificate or credential remained the most common type received throughout the period. The share of the adult and dislocated workers receiving training that obtained an occupational skills licensure remained relatively constant at around 11 percent over the period. The proportion of the population that received an associate s degree remained reasonably constant over the period peaking at 7.8 percent in PY 2005. - 20 - The share receiving some other recognized educational occupational skills certificate rose from 7.6 percent in PY 2004 to 8.9 percent in PY 2005 before declining to 5.2 percent by PY 2008. The shares of the trained adult and dislocated worker population obtaining a bachelor s degree from their training remained relatively constant at around 1 to 1.5 percent over the period. 7. Overview of Training Outcomes . The series of charts and tables in this section present information on entered employment employment retention and average earnings outcomes for WIA adult and dislocated worker program exiters who received training services compared to those who did not over the period PY 2004 through PY 2008. Chart 16 presents the entered employment rates for WIA adult exiters who received training compared to those who did not receive training. This data was drawn from the quarters beginning October 1 and ending September 30 preceding the given program year under consideration. This lag structure is defined in the entered employment measure. Chart 16 Comparison of Entered Employment Rates WIA Adult Exiters Receiving Training vs. WIA Adult Exiters Not Receiving Training 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eiv e Training Rec eiv ed Training WIA Adult Exiters PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 66.9 68.8 69.5 74.2 75.8 Received Training 80.8 81.4 79.2 78.8 78.5 - 21 - The data in chart 16 illustrates WIA adult exiters that received training had higher entered employment rates in every year across the period when compared to WIA adult exiters who did not receive training. The differences between the entered employment rates have consistently widened between PY 2004 and PY 2008. Chart 17 provides a comparison of the entered employment rates for WIA dislocated workers who received training against those WIA dislocated workers who did not receive training. Chart 17 Comparison of Entered Employment Rates WIA Dislocated Wor ker Exiters Receiving Training vs. WIA Dislocated Worker Exiters Not Receiving Training 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eiv e Training Rec eiv ed Training Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 62.6 68.1 67.7 76.4 80.3 Received Training 85.3 86.1 85.4 85.3 84.7 The data in chart 17 demonstrates WIA dislocated worker exiters that received training had higher rates of entered employment in each of the shown program years. The differences between the entered employment rates have widened each year from PY 2004 to PY 2008. Chart 18 presents the employment retention rates for WIA adult exiters receiving training as compared to those that did not receive training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. The remaining outcome data pertain to the quarters beginning April 1 and ending March 31 preceding the given program year under - 22 - consideration. This lag structure is utiliz ed in accordance with the definitions for the employment retention rate as well as for average earnings. Chart 18 Comparison of Employment Retention Rates WIA Adult Exiter s Receiving Training vs. WIA Adult Exiters Not Receiving Training 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eiv e Training Rec eiv ed Training Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 82.9 83.0 78.2 78.7 77.8 Received Training 88.6 87.4 85.0 84.2 82.7 The data in Chart 18 illustrates WIA adult exiters who received training had higher retention rates in every year across the period when compared to WIA adult exiters who did not receive training. The retention rate for WIA adult exiters who received training increased steadily across the period rising from 82.7 percent in PY 2004 to 88.6 percent in PY 2008. The retention rates for WIA adult exiters that did not receive training were relatively constant at approximately 78 percent from PY 2004 to PY 2006 before rising to approximately 83 percent in PY 2007 and PY 2008. Chart 19 presents the employment retention rates for WIA dislocated worker exiters receiving training versus those WIA dislocated workers who did not receive training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. - 23 - Chart 19 Comparison of Employment Retention Rates WIA Dislocated Worker Exiters Receiving Training vs. WIA Dislocated Worker Exiters Not Receiving Training 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eiv e Training Rec eiv ed Training Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 84.6 84.3 83.1 85.8 86.7 Received Training 90.8 89.8 89.2 89.3 88.4 The data in Chart 19 reveals Employment retention rates are consistently higher for those WIA dislocated worker exiters who received training when compared to WIA dislocated worker exiters who did not receive training. The employment retention rates for WIA dislocated worker exiters who received training rose slightly from 88.4 percent in PY 2004 to 90.8 percent in PY 2008. Employment retention rates for WIA dislocated worker exiters that did not receive training declined from 86.7 percent in PY 2004 to 83.1 percent in PY 2006 the retention rate did rise to 84.6 in PY 2008. Chart 20 provides a comparison of the average six month earnings for WIA adult exiters who received training versus those WIA adult exiters that did not receive training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. - 24 - Chart 20 Comparison of Average Earnings WIA Adult Exiters Receiving Training vs. WIA Adult Exiters Not Receiving Training 0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000 14 000 16 000 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eive Training Received Training Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 14 709 13 704 10 538 10 220 10 506 Received Training 15 324 14 771 13 367 12 123 11 871 The data in Chart 20 shows Average six-month earnings for WIA adult exiters who received training were larger in every year when compared to WIA adult exiters who did not receive training. The difference in the average earnings rose from approximately 1 300 in PY 2004 to nearly 3 000 dollars in PY 2006 before closing to a difference of just over 600 in PY 2008. Chart 21 provides a comparison of the average six-month earnings for WIA dislocated worker exiters who received training against WIA dislocated worker exiters who did not receive training over the period PY 2004 to PY 2008. - 25 - Chart 21 Comparison of Average Earnings WIA Dislocated Worker Exit ers Receiving Training vs. WIA Dislocated Worker Exiters Not Receiving Training 0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000 14 000 16 000 18 000 PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Rec eive Training Received Training Program Year PY 2008 PY 2007 PY 2006 PY 2005 PY 2004 Did Not Receive Training 16 349 14 527 13 274 13 926 14 297 Received Training 15 547 14 908 14 683 14 407 15 053 The data in Chart 21 illustrates Average six month earnings for WIA dislocated worker exiters who received training were greater than WIA dislocated workers who did not receive training in every year except PY 2008. The differences in the average earnings were smaller than those with regard to WIA adults in every year in the shown period. However the differences in earnings between these two WIA dislocated worker subpopulations averaged out to approximately 450 across the entire period. 8. Completeness of WIASRD Training Data . It is critical that states make every effort to report on all data elements completely in order to provide as complete of a representation of the impacts of WIA training activities over time as is possible. The data on training trends and outcomes for the population of WIA Adult and Dislocated Worker program exiters who received training were extracted from the WIASRD files spanning PY 2004 through PY 2008. Within these files several critical training-related WIASRD data elements were used to isolate and analyze this specific population of WIA exiters. These WIASRD items include Item 335 Date Entered Training Item 340 Type of Training Service 1 Item 341 Type of Training Service 2 Item 342 Occupational Skills Training Code Item 604 Entered Training-Related Employment and Item 619 - 26 - Type of Recognized Credential . The definitions for these WIASRD items are listed in the Attachment. Considerable deficiencies concerning three of the training-related WIASRD elements exist to date. These three elements are Item 342 Occupational Skills Training Code Item 604 Training-related Employment and Item 619 Type of Recognized Credential . Each of these items is associated with significant under- reporting and or data entry errors. Figure 1 indicates that the majority of states territories are missing data for item 342 Occupation Skills Training Code for PY 2008. The Occupation Skills Training Codes were missing for approximately half of the adult and dislocated worker exiters who received training services in PY 2008 3. This results in an extensive under-reporting of the occupations of training and clouds the landscape of who is trained in what occupation. In addition Item 342 Occupational Skills Training Code requires states to report occupations using the Occupational Information Network O NET 4 4.0 or later codes yet many states continue to report data using outdated coding system such as the Dictionary of Occupational Titles DOT Occupational Employment Statistics OES and Classification of Instructional Programs CIP occupational classification systems. 3 Receipt of training services is calculated using WIASRD Items 335 Date entered Training and 340 Type of training service 1 whereby Item 335 must be a valid date and Item 340 must be 0. 4 The O NET program is the nation s primary source of occupational information. Central to the project is the O NET database containing information on hundreds of standardized and occupation-specific descriptors. The database is continually updated by surveying a broad range of workers from each occupation. Information from this database forms the heart of O NET OnLine http online.onetcenter.org an interactive application for exploring and searching occupations. The database provides the basis for the O NET Code Connector http www.onetcodeconnector.org a powerful keyword search that helps workforce professionals determine the correct O NET codes for job orders job applicants and UI claimants. The O NET program also provides a number of Career Exploration Tools http www.onetcenter.org tools.html a set of valuable assessment instruments for workers and students looking to find or change careers. - 27 - Figure 1. Percentage of Missing Occupational Skills Training Codes for Adult and Dislocated Workers that Received Training Services Source PY 2008 Workforce Investment Act Standardized Record Data WIASRD GU MT LAMS ND RI TXOH DC FL GA AZUT SC NM IN PR NJ VA MI IA AK TNMA NH HI NE WA WY ID DE CO KY SD ME WI OKCT MO OR KS MD AR MN NV WVPA CA VT AL IL NCNY VI 0.0 to 33.0 33.1 to 66.0 66.1 to 100.0 WIASRD Item 604 Training-related Employment is significantly under reported in many states territories. While ETA acknowledges the challenges regarding reporting this item it appears as though exiters are being reported as not entering training-related employment when this information is unknown. WIASRD Item 619 Type of Recognized Credential was subject to many cases where credentials were reported for exiters who were not recorded as receiving training. Several states also reported that very few or no adults or dislocated workers received a training-related credential. 9. Action Requested . Please make this information available to appropriate program staff. States are requested to ensure that all performance information reported to the Department of Labor is accurate and complete. If a state is not reporting on all data elements especially those mentioned in Section 8 the state should take appropriate steps to resolve the missing data. 10. Inquiries . Questions regarding performance reporting should be directed to the appropriate ETA Regional Office or to the Office of Performance and Technology at ETAperforms dol.gov . 11. Attachment . Utilized Training-Related WIASRD Elements