Earnings over time

 

 

Median annual earnings by sex (time series)
Year Women Men
1960 23,657 38,991
1961 23,839 40,235
1962 24,295 40,970
1963 24,757 42,000
1964 25,422 42,980
1965 26,123 43,593
1966 26,186 45,497
1967 26,705 46,216
1968 27,598 47,456
1969 29,502 48,768
1970 30,072 50,653
1971 30,271 50,870
1972 31,019 53,609
1973 31,328 55,317
1974 31,335 53,332
1975 31,173 52,999
1976 31,814 52,854
1977 31,843 54,043
1978 32,331 54,392
1979 32,060 53,736
1980 31,803 52,863
1981 31,146 52,580
1982 31,851 51,585
1983 32,661 51,359
1984 33,306 52,320
1985 34,039 52,712
1986 34,755 54,077
1987 35,005 53,707
1988 35,173 53,253
1989 35,926 52,314
1990 36,158 50,489
1991 36,176 51,784
1992 36,710 51,861
1993 36,430 50,937
1994 36,436 50,629
1995 36,047 50,466
1996 37,005 50,169
1997 38,152 51,444
1998 38,982 53,276
1999 38,839 53,709
2000 39,200 53,175
2001 40,548 53,123
2002 41,269 53,875
2003 41,049 54,334
2004 40,640 53,072
2005 40,086 52,075
2006 39,628 51,506
2007 41,602 53,466
2008 40,797 52,920
2009 41,549 53,975
2010 41,562 54,027
2011 40,543 52,650
2012 40,422 52,838
2013 41,272 52,736
2013* 40,888 52,717
2014 41,066 52,220
2015 42,155 52,988
2016 42,448 52,751
2017 41,977 52,146

Notesings are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over beginning in March, 1980, and age 14 years old and over as of March of the following year for previous years. Before 1989 earnings are for civilian workers only. Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included beginning 2002. Data for Asians from 1988 until 2001 included Pacific Islanders. Hispanics may be of any race.
The comparability of historical data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey. The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health insurance coverage for a subsample of the 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions, resulting in two estimates for 2013. Estimates based on the portion of the sample that received the redesigned income questions are the most appropriate for comparing estimates from ASEC 2014 with ASEC 2015 and beyond. Earnings are in 2017 CPI-U-RS adjusted dollars.
Source: 1961-2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau.

Earnings by sex, race and Hispanic ethnicity (time series)

 

 

Earnings by sex, race and Hispanic ethnicity (time series)
Year All Women All Men White, non-Hispanic Women White, non-Hispanic Men Black Women Black Men Asian Women Asian Men Hispanic Women Hispanic Men
1960 23,657 38,991 - - - - - - - -
1961 23,839 40,235 - - - - - - - -
1962 24,295 40,970 - - - - - - - -
1963 24,757 42,000 - - - - - - - -
1964 25,422 42,980 - - - - - - - -
1965 26,123 43,593 - - - - - - - -
1966 26,186 45,497 - - - - - - - -
1967 26,705 46,216 - - 20,553 30,740 - - - -
1968 27,598 47,456 - - 21,592 32,905 - - - -
1969 29,502 48,768 - - 23,764 34,855 - - - -
1970 30,072 50,653 - - 25,123 35,976 - - - -
1971 30,271 50,870 - - 27,137 36,095 - - - -
1972 31,019 53,609 - - 27,046 38,365 - - - -
1973 31,328 55,317 - - 27,134 38,968 - - - -
1974 31,335 53,332 - - 29,505 39,193 - - 26,637 39,944
1975 31,173 52,999 - - 30,064 40,325 - - 26,716 39,103
1976 31,814 52,854 - - 30,051 39,722 - - 27,411 40,331
1977 31,843 54,043 - - 29,918 38,594 - - 27,772 39,865
1978 32,331 54,392 - - 30,502 42,684 - - 27,922 40,578
1979 32,060 53,736 - - 29,764 39,915 - - 26,666 39,100
1980 31,803 52,863 - - 30,312 38,477 - - 27,491 38,509
1981 31,146 52,580 - - 29,064 38,220 - - 27,844 38,202
1982 31,851 51,585 - - 29,693 37,943 - - 27,196 37,647
1983 32,661 51,359 - - 29,786 37,914 - - 27,378 37,952
1984 33,306 52,320 - - 30,917 37,488 - - 28,269 38,173
1985 34,039 52,712 - - 31,172 38,080 - - 28,466 37,148
1986 34,755 54,077 - - 31,548 39,267 - - 29,625 36,004
1987 35,005 53,707 35,727 56,249 32,604 39,584 - - 30,066 36,088
1988 35,173 53,253 36,188 56,451 33,039 40,697 38,653 54,182 29,657 35,662
1989 35,926 52,314 36,829 57,362 33,284 39,097 40,889 53,884 29,979 35,139
1990 36,158 50,489 37,134 54,967 32,908 38,515 38,898 48,823 28,588 34,907
1991 36,176 51,784 37,128 54,646 32,949 38,855 37,269 53,083 28,591 34,799
1992 36,710 51,861 37,601 54,478 33,943 38,465 39,159 52,419 29,344 33,560
1993 36,430 50,937 37,495 53,557 33,195 38,561 40,782 51,768 28,073 33,753
1994 36,436 50,629 38,063 53,558 32,671 38,958 40,124 52,609 28,829 33,333
1995 36,047 50,466 37,914 55,123 33,112 39,141 39,861 50,591 27,524 32,653
1996 37,005 50,169 38,847 55,316 33,514 41,210 39,885 53,771 29,131 32,863
1997 38,152 51,444 39,591 55,910 33,663 40,381 42,442 52,984 28,985 33,022
1998 38,982 53,276 40,515 56,878 34,137 40,773 40,801 52,496 28,972 33,590
1999 38,839 53,709 40,488 59,693 35,755 43,891 42,167 54,448 28,610 33,086
2000 39,200 53,175 42,591 58,879 35,813 42,967 43,501 57,891 29,490 33,942
2001 40,548 53,123 42,750 57,850 36,912 43,513 42,589 58,089 29,831 34,813
2002 41,269 53,875 42,907 58,041 36,731 42,928 42,950 57,224 29,938 35,486
2003 41,049 54,334 42,828 59,797 36,027 43,076 43,538 60,894 29,878 34,848
2004 40,640 53,072 42,313 59,244 36,079 40,703 46,832 59,832 30,539 34,677
2005 40,086 52,075 42,925 58,431 37,336 41,620 45,414 60,484 30,468 33,683
2006 39,628 51,506 43,552 59,013 36,992 42,377 47,914 62,691 30,711 35,419
2007 41,602 53,466 43,549 59,649 36,751 42,746 47,850 60,100 31,540 35,789
2008 40,797 52,920 42,673 58,486 35,939 42,583 48,181 58,597 30,640 35,333
2009 41,549 53,975 44,132 58,874 36,448 42,944 48,482 59,281 31,131 35,955
2010 41,562 54,027 45,392 58,544 36,396 41,513 46,515 58,268 31,753 35,579
2011 40,543 52,650 44,057 57,146 36,593 43,127 44,655 60,163 31,698 34,782
2012 40,422 52,838 43,761 56,193 36,244 41,197 48,760 62,803 30,403 34,488
2013 41,272 52,736 43,634 56,377 35,930 43,069 44,622 60,745 31,841 34,067
2013* 40,888 52,717 43,463 58,123 34,207 41,251 47,789 60,418 32,319 33,818
2014 41,066 52,220 43,347 57,493 34,756 42,204 48,023 59,018 31,398 35,794
2015 42,155 52,988 44,556 59,188 37,459 42,530 50,152 64,136 32,188 36,910
2016 42,448 52,751 46,725 59,171 37,006 42,181 51,703 67,014 32,200 38,157
2017 41,977 52,146 46,513 60,388 36,735 42,076 51,378 67,673 32,002 38,876

Notes: Earnings are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over beginning in March 1980, and age 14 years old and over as of March of the following year for previous years. Before 1989 earnings are for civilian workers only. Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included beginning 2002. Data for Asians from 1988 until 2001 included Pacific Islanders. Hispanics may be of any race.
The comparability of historical data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey. The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health insurance coverage for a subsample of the 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions, resulting in two estimates for 2013. Estimates based on the portion of the sample that received the redesigned income questions are the most appropriate for comparing estimates from ASEC 2014 with ASEC 2015 and beyond. Earnings are in 2017 CPI-U-RS adjusted dollars.
Source: 1961-2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau.

Gender earnings ratios and wage gaps by race and Hispanic ethnicity (annual)

 

 

Gender earnings ratios and wage gaps by race and Hispanic ethnicity (annual)
Race/ethnicity Earnings ratio Wage gap
Total 80.5% 19.5%
White, non-Hispanic 77.0% 23.0%
Black 87.3% 12.7%
Asian 75.9% 24.1%
Hispanic 82.3% 17.7%

Notes: Earnings are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over. Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included. Hispanics may be of any race.
Source: 2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau.

Women’s earnings by race and ethnicity as a percent of white, non-Hispanic men (annual)

 

 

Women’s earnings by race and ethnicity as a percent of White, non-Hispanic Men (annual)
Race/ethnicity Earnings ratio Wage gap
White 77.0% 23.0%
Black 60.8% 39.2%
Asian 85.1% 14.9%
Hispanic 53.0% 47.0%

Notes: These data reflect a race earnings gap in addition to a gender earnings gap. Earnings ratios are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over.
Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included beginning 2002.
Hispanics may be of any race.
Source: 2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Gender earnings ratios by weekly earnings and annual earnings (time series)

 

 

Gender earnings ratios by weekly earnings and annual earnings (time series)
Year Annual earnings ratio Weekly earnings ratio
1960 60.7 -
1961 59.2 -
1962 59.3 -
1963 58.9 -
1964 59.1 -
1965 59.9 -
1966 57.6 -
1967 57.8 -
1968 58.2 -
1969 58.9 -
1970 59.4 -
1971 59.5 -
1972 57.9 -
1973 56.6 -
1974 58.8 -
1975 58.8 -
1976 60.2 -
1977 58.9 -
1978 59.4 -
1979 59.7 62.3
1980 60.2 64.2
1981 59.2 64.4
1982 61.7 65.7
1983 63.6 66.5
1984 63.7 67.6
1985 64.6 68.1
1986 64.3 69.5
1987 65.2 69.8
1988 66.0 70.2
1989 68.7 70.1
1990 71.6 71.9
1991 69.9 74.2
1992 70.8 75.8
1993 71.5 77.1
1994 72.0 76.4
1995 71.4 75.5
1996 73.8 75
1997 74.2 74.4
1998 73.2 76.3
1999 72.3 76.5
2000 73.7 76.9
2001 76.3 76.4
2002 76.6 77.9
2003 75.5 79.4
2004 76.6 80.4
2005 77.0 81
2006 76.9 80.8
2007 77.8 80.2
2008 77.1 79.9
2009 77.0 80.2
2010 76.9 81.2
2011 77.0 82.2
2012 76.5 80.9
2013 78.3 82.1
2013* 77.6 82.1
2014 78.6 82.5
2015 79.6 81.1
2016 80.5 81.9
2017 80.5 81.8
2018 - 81.1

Notes: Annual earnings ratios are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over from teh Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements (CPS ASEC). Weekly earnings ratios are based on median weekly earnings of full-time, wage and salary workers, 16 years old and over from the Current Population Survey.
The comparability of historical data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey. The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health insurance coverage for a subsample of the 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions, resulting in two estimates for 2013. Estimates based on the portion of the sample that received the redesigned income questions are the most appropriate for comparing estimates from ASEC 2014 with ASEC 2015 and beyond.
Sources: 1961-2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau.
1979-2018 Current Population Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Gender earnings ratio by race and Hispanic ethnicity (time series)

 

 

Gender earnings ratio by race and Hispanic ethnicity (time series)
Year Total White, non-Hispanic Black Asian Hispanic
1960 60.7 - - - -
1961 59.2 - - - -
1962 59.3 - - - -
1963 58.9 - - - -
1964 59.1 - - - -
1965 59.9 - - - -
1966 57.6 - - - -
1967 57.8 - - - -
1968 58.2 - 65.6 - -
1969 58.9 - 68.2 - -
1970 59.4 - 69.8 - -
1971 59.5 - 75.2 - -
1972 57.9 - 70.5 - -
1973 56.6 - 69.6 - -
1974 58.8 - 75.3 - 66.7
1975 58.8 - 74.6 - 68.3
1976 60.2 - 75.7 - 68.0
1977 58.9 - 77.5 - 69.7
1978 59.4 - 71.5 - 68.8
1979 59.7 - 74.6 - 68.2
1980 60.2 - 78.8 - 71.4
1981 59.2 - 76.0 - 72.9
1982 61.7 - 78.3 - 72.2
1983 63.6 - 78.6 - 72.1
1984 63.7 - 82.5 - 74.1
1985 64.6 - 81.9 - 76.6
1986 64.3 - 80.3 - 82.3
1987 65.2 63.5 82.4 - 83.3
1988 66.0 64.1 81.2 71.3 83.2
1989 68.7 64.2 85.1 75.9 85.3
1990 71.6 67.6 85.4 79.7 81.9
1991 69.9 67.9 84.8 70.2 82.2
1992 70.8 69.0 88.2 74.7 87.4
1993 71.5 70.0 86.1 78.8 83.2
1994 72.0 71.1 83.9 76.3 86.5
1995 71.4 68.8 84.6 78.8 84.3
1996 73.8 70.2 81.3 74.2 88.6
1997 74.2 70.8 83.4 80.1 87.8
1998 73.2 71.2 83.7 77.7 86.3
1999 72.3 67.8 81.5 77.4 86.5
2000 73.7 72.3 83.3 75.1 86.9
2001 76.3 73.9 84.8 73.3 85.7
2002 76.6 73.9 85.6 75.1 84.4
2003 75.5 71.6 83.6 71.5 85.7
2004 76.6 71.4 88.6 78.3 88.1
2005 77.0 73.5 89.7 75.1 90.5
2006 76.9 73.8 87.3 76.4 86.7
2007 77.8 73.0 86.0 79.6 88.1
2008 77.1 73.0 84.4 82.2 86.7
2009 77.0 75.0 84.9 81.8 86.6
2010 76.9 77.5 87.7 79.8 89.2
2011 77.0 77.1 84.8 74.2 91.1
2012 76.5 77.9 88.0 77.6 88.2
2013 78.3 77.4 83.4 73.5 93.5
2013* 77.6 74.8 82.9 79.1 95.6
2014 78.6 75.4 82.4 81.4 87.7
2015 79.6 75.3 88.1 78.2 87.2
2016 80.5 79.0 87.7 77.2 84.4
2017 80.5 77.0 87.3 75.9 82.3

Notes: Earnings ratios are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over. Before 1989 earnings are for civilian workers only. Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included beginning 2002. Ratios for Asians from 1988 until 2001 included Pacific Islanders.
Hispanics may be of any race.
The comparability of historical data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey. *The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health insurance coverage for a subsample of the 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions, resulting in two estimates for 2013. Estimates based on the portion of the sample that received the redesigned income questions are the most appropriate for comparing estimates from ASEC 2014 with ASEC 2015 and beyond. Dash indicates data not available.
Source: 1961-2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Women’s earnings by race and ethnicity as a percent of white, non-Hispanic men (time series)

 

 

Women’s earnings by race and ethnicity as a percent of White, non-Hispanic Men (time series)
Year White, non-Hispanic Black Asian Hispanic
1987 63.5 58.0 - 53.5
1988 64.1 58.5 68.5 52.5
1989 64.2 58.0 71.3 52.3
1990 67.6 59.9 70.8 52.0
1991 67.9 60.3 68.2 52.3
1992 69.0 62.3 71.9 53.9
1993 70.0 62.0 76.1 52.4
1994 71.1 61.0 74.9 53.8
1995 68.8 60.1 72.3 49.9
1996 70.2 60.6 72.1 52.7
1997 70.8 60.2 75.9 51.8
1998 71.2 60.0 71.7 50.9
1999 67.8 59.9 70.6 47.9
2000 72.3 60.8 73.9 50.1
2001 73.9 63.8 73.6 51.6
2002 73.9 63.3 74.0 51.6
2003 71.6 60.2 72.8 50.0
2004 71.4 60.9 79.0 51.5
2005 73.5 63.9 77.7 52.1
2006 73.8 62.7 81.2 52.0
2007 73.0 61.6 80.2 52.9
2008 73.0 61.4 82.4 52.4
2009 75.0 61.9 82.3 52.9
2010 77.5 62.2 79.5 54.2
2011 77.1 64.0 78.1 55.5
2012 77.9 64.5 86.8 54.1
2013 77.4 63.7 79.1 56.5
2013* 74.8 58.9 82.2 55.6
2014 75.4 60.5 83.5 54.6
2015 75.3 63.3 84.7 54.4
2016 79.0 62.5 87.4 54.4
2017 77.0 60.8 85.1 53.0

Notes: These data reflect a race earnings gap in addition to a gender earnings gap. Earnings ratios are based on median annual earnings of full-time, year-round workers, 15 years old and over. Before 1989 earnings are for civilian workers only. Blacks and Asians include people of Hispanic ethnicity. People of two or more races are not included beginning 2002. Ratios for Asians from 1988 until 2001 included Pacific Islanders. Hispanics may be of any race. The comparability of historical data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey.
*The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health insurance coverage for a subsample of the 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions, resulting in two estimates for 2013. Estimates based on the portion of the sample that received the redesigned income questions are the most appropriate for comparing estimates from ASEC 2014 with ASEC 2015 and beyond. Dash indicates data not available.
Source: 1987-2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau.

Educational Attainment

Median weekly earnings by educational attainment and sex (annual)

 

 

Median weekly earnings by educational attainment and sex (annual)
Educational attainment Men Women
Total $1,026 $830
Less than a High School diploma $607 $469
High School graduates, no college $819 $616
Some college or associate degree $951 $717
Bachelor's degree only $1,384 $1,041
Advanced degree $1,774 $1,323

Notes: Based on median weekly earnings of full-time, wage and salary workers, 25 years and older. Advance degree includes people with master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, 2018 annual averages.

Earnings ratios and wage gaps by educational attainment (annual)

 

 

Earnings ratios and wage gaps by educational attainment (annual)
Educational attainment Earnings ratio Wage gap
Total 80.9% 19.1%
Less than a High School diploma 77.3% 22.7%
High School graduates, no college 75.2% 24.8%
Some college or associate degree 75.4% 24.6%
Bachelor's degree only 75.2% 24.8%
Advanced degree 74.6% 25.4%

Notes: Earnings ratios are based on median annual earnings of full-time workers, 25 years old and over. Advance degree includes people with master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, 2018 annual averages.

Women's median weekly earnings by educational attainment, race and Hispanic ethnicity

 

 

Women’s earnings by educational attainment, race and Hispanic ethnicity
Educational attainment White Black Asian Hispanic
Less than a High School diploma $473 $423 $491 $457
High School graduates, no college $641 $546 $583 $582
Some college or associate degree $742 $628 $717 $677
Bachelor's degree only $1,051 $937 $1,124 $914
Advanced degree $1,330 $1,169 $1,460 $1,158

Notes: Based on median weekly earnings of full-time, wage and salary workers, 25 years and older. Advance degree includes people with master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. Hispanics may be of any race.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, 2018 annual averages.

Age

Gender earnings ratios and wage gaps by age

 

 

Gender earnings ratios and wage gaps by age
Age Earnings ratio Wage gap
16 to 19 years 89.4% 10.6%
20 to 24 years 92.2% 7.8%
25 to 34 years 87.0% 13.0%
35 to 44 years 79.6% 20.4%
45 to 54 years 77.0% 23.0%
55 to 64 years 75.0% 25.0%
65 years and over 77.2% 22.8%

Notes: Earnings ratios are based on median weekly earnings of full-time, wage and salary workers.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, 2018 annual averages.

Occupation

Occupations with the highest median earnings among women

 

 

Occupations with the Highest Median Earnings Among Women
Occupation Highest Median Earnings Among Women
Physicians and surgeons 171,880
Nurse anesthetists 160,297
Dentists 126,690
Pharmacists 120,173
Architectural and engineering managers 119,843
Chief executives 111,236
Lawyers 106,837
Optometrists 102,375
Actuaries 101,188
Nurse practitioners 100,914
Computer network architects 100,349
Physician assistants 97,549
Economists 95,737
Computer and information systems managers 95,341
Chemical engineers 94,071
Software developers, applications and systems software 92,304
Aerospace engineers 92,065
Electrical and electronics engineers 88,576
Information security analysts 87,850
Veterinarians 86,815
Engineers, all other 84,891
Mechanical engineers 82,148
Computer programmers 82,140
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers 80,238
Management analysts 79,410

Occupations with the lowest median earnings among women

 

 

Occupations with the Lowest Median Earnings Among Women
Occupation Lowest Median Earnings Among Women
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 19,286
Dishwashers 20,381
Miscellaneous agricultural workers 20,397
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers 20,399
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 20,592
Graders and sorters, agricultural products 20,630
Food preparation workers 20,652
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 20,764
Cooks 20,975
Waiters and waitresses 21,419
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 21,459
Childcare workers 21,465
Cashiers 21,471
Maids and housekeeping cleaners 21,634
Teacher assistants 22,140
Sewing machine operators 22,522
Janitors and building cleaners 23,143
Packers and packagers, hand 23,333
Personal care aides 23,357
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 23,610
Food servers, nonrestaurant 23,698
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers 24,266
Nonfarm animal caretakers 24,522
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers 24,581
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers 24,777

Occupations with the smallest gender earnings gap

 

 

Occupations with the Smallest Gender Earnings Gap
Occupation Women's earnings as a percentage of men's earnings
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 108.6
Residential advisors 105.6
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists 104.2
Transportation security screeners 102.3
Grounds maintenance workers 101.3
Special education teachers 101.2
Musicians, singers, and related workers 100.9
Computer network architects 100.1
Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers, including sociologists 100.1
Preschool and kindergarten teachers 99.9
Court, municipal, and license clerks 99.3
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 98.6
Dishwashers 98.6
Tellers 98.5
Medical records and health information technicians 98.3
Writers and authors 98.3
Pharmacists 98.1
Counselors 97.7
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians 97.5
Bill and account collectors 97.3
Social workers 97.3
Order clerks 97.2
Meeting, convention, and event planners 96.9
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 96.8
Paralegals and legal assistants 96.7

Occupations with the largest gender earnings gap

 

 

Occupations with the Largest Gender Earnings Gap
Occupation Women's earnings as a percentage of men's earnings
Financial specialists, all other 49.2
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 61.1
Financial clerks, all other 61.5
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 63.9
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers 64.4
Financial managers 64.9
Personal financial advisors 65.8
Prepress technicians and workers 66.1
Tax preparers 66.8
Parts salespersons 67.4
Production, planning, and expediting clerks 67.5
Credit counselors and loan officers 67.7
Natural sciences managers 68.6
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 68.7
Retail salespersons 69.2
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers 69.3
Insurance sales agents 69.5
Machinists 69.8
Appraisers and assessors of real estate 70.1
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 70.1
Construction and building inspectors 70.2
Sales and related workers, all other 70.3
Food batchmakers 70.5
Physicians and surgeons 70.7
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers 70.8

Women's earnings as a share of men’s across the occupational distribution

 

 

Women's Earnings as a Share of Men’s Across the Occupational Distribution
Category Percentage
Less than 70% 6%
70.0%-74.9% 10%
75.0%-79.9% 14%
80.0%-84.9% 17%
85.0%-89.9% 25%
90.0%-94.9% 17%
95.0%-99.9% 9%
100.0% or higher 3%