List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor
The Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) maintains a list of goods and their source countries which it has reason to believe are produced by child labor or forced labor in violation of international standards, as required under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) of 2005 and subsequent reauthorizations. The List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor comprises 204 goods from 82 countries and areas, as of September 5, 2024.
The Frederick Douglass Trafficking Victims Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act of 2018 directs that the List include, "to the extent practicable, goods that are produced with inputs that are produced with forced labor or child labor."
ILAB maintains the List primarily to raise public awareness about forced labor and child labor around the world and to promote efforts to combat them; it is not intended to be punitive, but rather to serve as a catalyst for more strategic and focused coordination and collaboration among those working to address these problems.
Previous TVPRA List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor
2022
- List of Downstream Goods (Excel)
- List of Goods (Bibliography) (PDF)
Publication of the List has resulted in new opportunities for ILAB to engage with foreign governments to combat forced labor and child labor. It is also a valuable resource for researchers, advocacy organizations and companies wishing to carry out risk assessments and engage in due diligence on labor rights in their supply chains.
The countries on the List span every region of the world. The most common agricultural goods listed are sugarcane, cotton, coffee, tobacco, cattle, rice, and fish. In the manufacturing sector, bricks, garments, textiles, footwear, carpets, and fireworks appear most frequently. In mined or quarried goods, gold, coal and diamonds are most common.
ILAB published the initial TVPRA List in 2009 and updated it annually through 2014, following a set of procedural guidelines that were the product of an intensive public consultation process. ILAB now updates and publishes the List every other year, pursuant to changes in the law.
Procedural Guidelines
On January 25, 2024, ILAB's Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking published Procedural Guidelines for the development and maintenance of the List of Goods from countries produced by child labor or forced labor in violation of international standards.
DOL's mission is to foster, promote, and develop the welfare of the wage earners, job seekers, and retirees of the United States. This DOL mission is carried out by a variety of sub-agencies and offices (DOL agencies) covering domestic and international policy engagements, workforce development, enforcement, statistics, and benefits. DOL has a responsibility to protect the integrity of scientific information that is produced, communicated, and used across DOL agencies to better carry out its mission. ILAB is committed to using the highest possible scientific integrity and quality standards and practices to conduct our critical work. Scientific integrity is the adherence to professional practices, ethical behavior, and the principles of honesty and objectivity when conducting, managing, using the results of, and communicating about science and scientific activities. Inclusivity, transparency, and protection from inappropriate influence are hallmarks of scientific integrity.
| Country/Area Sort descending | Good | Exploitation Type |
|---|---|---|
| Bolivia | There are reports that children ages 5 to 17 are involved in coca production in Bolivia. Based on an analysis of Bolivia’s 2019 Survey of Girls, Boys, and Adolescents, an estimated 26,163 child laborers are involved in coca production. Although Bolivia permits a limited amount of coca cultivation to satisfy demand for traditional uses, the coca plant may be used to produce cocaine, a highly addictive narcotic. Children who work in agriculture may be at risk of exposure to hazards including working long hours, carrying heavy loads, exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and chemicals, such as pesticides. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Bolivia’s commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. |
Child Labor |
| Bolivia | Child Labor | |
| Bolivia | Child Labor | |
| Bolivia | There are reports that children are forced to produce sugarcane in Bolivia. Based on the most recently available data from the ILO, it is estimated that almost a quarter of the migrants working in the sugarcane harvest are children under age 14, of which many are working in conditions of forced labor Many children work with their families under conditions of bonded labor. Entire families, including children, live in accommodations provided by the employer; this dependence on the employer increases their vulnerability to forced labor. The families receive little payment if any, and lodging and food expenses are deducted from their paychecks. Some children inherit the debt of their parents if their parents pass away or stop working, and remain bonded and able to be sold to a different employer. |
Child Labor, Forced Labor |
| Bolivia | Child Labor | |
| Bolivia | Forced Labor | |
| Bolivia | Child Labor | |
| Bolivia | Child Labor, Forced Labor | |
| Bolivia | Child Labor | |
| Bolivia | There are reports that children ages 5 to 17 are involved in cattle-raising activities in Bolivia. Based on an analysis of Bolivia’s 2019 Survey of Girls, Boys, and Adolescents, an estimated 33,806 child laborers are involved in cattle raising. Herding, shepherding, and handling livestock are considered hazardous work for children. Injuries from animals include being bitten, butted, jostled, or stampeded, and diseases can be contracted through routine contact with animals and insects. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Bolivia’s commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. |
Child Labor, Forced Labor |
Are you a company looking to fight child labor and forced labor in supply
chains?
Related
- Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
- Executive Order 13126 List of Products Produced by Forced or Indentured Child Labor
- Against Their Will: The Situation in Xinjiang
Further Resources
- Supply Chain Storyboards
Previous TVPRA List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor
- 2020
- Full Report (PDF)
- Excel format (XLS)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- 2018
- Full Report (PDF)
- Excel format (XLS)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- 2016
- Full Report (PDF)
- Excel format (XLS)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- 2014
- Full report (PDF)
- Excel format (XLS)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- 2013
- Infographic (PDF)
- Excel format (XLS)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- 2012
- Full Report
- Bibliography (PDF)
- List in Excel Format (XLS)
- 2011
- Full Report
- Bibliography (PDF)
- List in Excel Format (XLS)
- 2010
- Full Report (PDF)
- Bibliography (PDF)
- List in Excel Format (CSV)
- 2009 Full Report (PDF)
Public Comments & Submissions
ILAB accepts public submissions for the TVPRA List on an ongoing basis, and reviews them as they are received. Submissions will continue to be taken into account as ILAB works to release periodic updates to the List. To submit information, please send an email to ILAB-TVPRA@dol.gov; fax to 202-693-4830; or mail to ILAB, U.S. Department of Labor, c/o OCFT Research and Policy Unit, 200 Constitution Ave NW, S-5315, Washington, DC 20210. View the list of submissions.
The List in Numbers
What You Can Do
