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The opinions, analysis, and conclusions expressed in contract research reports are solely those of the author. For a copy of a specific study please write to: Division of Foreign Economic Research, Room S-5317, U.S. Labor Department, 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington D.C. 20210
CONTRACT RESEARCH PROJECTS
Fiscal Years 1983-98
The research studies are organized into the following subject
groups:
TRADE RELATIONS AND POLICIES;
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
"Estimating the 'Market-Power Component' of International
Trade's Impact on U.S. Labor" by J. David Richardson and Elena B.
Khripounova, Syracuse University, 1997.
"International Trade Policies for Imperfectly Competitive
Industries" by Gene Grossman, Princeton University, 1983.
"The Economics of International Protection of Intellectual
Property Rights: Background and Analysis" by Keith Maskus, University
of Colorado, 1990.
"Economic Models of Counterfeiting" by Gene Grossman and Carl
Shapiro, Princeton University, 1987.
"The Economic Costs of the Multifiber Arrangement" by Joseph
Pelzman, George Washington University, 1983.
"The Tariff Equivalents of the Existing Quotas Under the
Multifiber Arrangement" by Joseph Pelzman, George Washington
University, 1986.
"The Multinationals and Services in World Transactions" by
Robert Lipsey, Queens College, and Irving Kravis, University of
Pennsylvania, 1986.
"Service Trade Liberalization and U.S. Multinationals" by the
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Robert Lipsey and Irving Kravis, 1989.
"Estimates of the Effects of Non-tariff Barriers on the Level
and Industrial Composition of Employment in the U.S." by Edward
Leamer, University of California at Los Angeles, 1991.
"Computational Analysis of the Government of India's
Market-Opening Initiatives" by Alan Deardorff (University of
Michigan),Drusilla Brown (Tufts University),and Robert Stern (University of Michigan), 1999.
"Computational Analysis of the Economic Effects of an East
Asian Preferential Trading Bloc" by Robert Stern, University of
Michigan, 1995.
"Asian Regionalism and U.S. Interests" by Michael G. Plummer,
Brandeis University, 1994.
"The Impact of the U.S.-Israeli Free Trade Area Agreement on
U.S. Trade and Employment: The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers" by Joseph
Pelzman, George Washington University, 1988.
"A Computational Analysis of the Economic Effects of the 1984
Agreement to Form a Free-Trade Area Between the United States and
Israel" by Drusilla Brown, Tufts University, 1986.
"The U.S.-Canada Free Trade Area: Effects on Welfare and
Sectoral Output and Employment Levels in the Short- and Long-Run" by
James Markusen and Randall Wigle, University of Western Ontario,
1986.
"The Economic Effects of the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Area" by
Drusilla Brown, Tufts University, 1990.
"Computational Analysis of the Accession of Chile to the NAFTA
and Western Hemispheric Integration" by Drusilla Brown, Tufts
University, Alan Deardorff and Robert Stern, University of Michigan,
1998.
"The National and Local Impacts on Employment and Earnings of
Trade, Capital, and Migration Flows under NAFTA and WHTFA: Tracking,
Modeling, and Internet Accessing the Results of Alternative Policy
Scenarios" by Raúl Hinojosa Ojeda, University of California at
Los Angeles, in process.
"The Impact of NAFTA on U.S.-Mexican Wage Differentials and
Occupational Trends" by Joan B. Anderson and Denise Dimon, University
of San Diego, in process.
"Labor Market Adjustment to North American Trade
Liberalization" by David Roland-Holst, Mills College and the OECD,
1995.
"The Effects of North American Trade and Investment
Liberalization on U.S. Manufacturing Employment and Compensation" by
Robert Blecker, American University, 1994.
"Industrial Effects of a Free Trade Agreement Between Mexico
and the United States" by Clopper Almon, Jr., Douglas Nyhus, and
Margaret McCarthy, Interindustry Economic Research Fund (IERF),
University of Maryland, 1990.
"Going Global: High Technology in Mexican Export Industry" by
Harley Shaiken, University of California at San Diego, 1990.
"Turnover and Recruitment in the Maquiladora Industry: Causes
and Solutions in the Border Context" by Edward Williams, University
of Arizona, 1988.
"The Impact of Mexico's Economic Crisis on the Demographic
Composition of the Maquiladora Labor Force" by Jefferey Brannon and
C. William Lucker, University of Texas at El Paso, 1988.
"The Implication for the U.S. Economy of Tariff Schedule Item
807 and Mexico's Maquila Program" by Gerald Godshaw et alia, The
Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates (WEFA) Group, 1988.
"The Unionization of the Maquiladora Industry: The Tamaulipan
Case in National Context," by Edward Williams, University of Arizona,
1990.
"Women and International Trade" by Linda Schott, University of
Texas at San Antonio, 1995.
"Lessons from the Social Dimension of the European Community"
by Andrew Martin and George Ross, Harvard University, 1994.
"Economic Integration in the European Community" by Market
Access Europe S.A., Brussels, 1991.
"The Impact of Accession with the European Community on
Spanish Industry" by Susan Wolcott, St. Louis University, 1991.
- "EC 1992: Implications for U.S. Workers--A Working
Roundtable" by Center for Strategic and International Studies
(CSIS), John Yochelson, 1990; roundtable papers and proceedings
are available in Jorge Perez-Lopez, Gregory Schoepfle, and John
Yochelson (editors), EC 1992: Implications for U.S. Workers, CSIS
Significant Issues Series (Washington, D.C.: CSIS, 1990):
- ---"Overview of EC 1992" by John Yochelson and Elizabeth
Lesser, CSIS
- ---"Will EC 1992 Help or Hurt U.S. Workers?" by Richard B.
Freeman and Lawrence F. Katz, Harvard University
- ---"EC 1992 and the U.S. Automotive Industry: Shifting
Patterns of Trade and Investment" by Thomas L. Brewer, Georgetown
University
- ---"Implications of EC 1992 for U.S. Electronics Companies
and Workers" by Michael C. Maibach, Intel Corporation
- ---"EC 1992 and Beyond: Prospects for the U.S. Film and
Television Employment" by Stephen E. Siwek, Economists
Incorporated
- ---"EC 1992: The Social Dimension at Issue" by Duncan C.
Campbell, University of Pennsylvania
"Probable Impact of Granting Most Favored Nation Status to the
Soviet Union" by Joseph Pelzman, George Washington University,
1990.
"Estimates of the Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects
of a Customs Union: A New Method" by Clinton Shiells, California
State University at Long Beach, 1985.
"The Resource Determinants of Developing Country Comparative
Advantage in Manufactured Goods, 1966-1980" by Harry P. Bowen, New
York University, 1983.
"Efficient Protection of Employment Under Uncertainty" by
James Anderson, Boston College, 1985.
"The Effects of Foreign Targeting on the U.S. Automotive
Industry" by Nathaniel Greenfield et alia, Booz, Allen, Hamilton,
Inc., 1985.
"Input-Output Technologies and the Effects of Tariffs and
Exchange Rates" by Robert M. Stern, University of Michigan, 1983.
"Employment Impacts of International Trade: Construction of a
Trade Policy Analysis Package" by Robert Stern and Allen Deardorff,
University of Michigan, 1985.
"Using the Trade Policy Analysis Package (TPAP) at the NIH
Computer Facility" by Fu Associates, Arlington, VA, 1989.
"A Computable General Equilibrium Model for Analyzing Dynamic
Responses to Trade Policy and Foreign Competition" by Lawrence
Goulder and Barry Eichengreen, Harvard University, 1990.
"Extensions of a Computable General Equilibrium Model for
Analyzing Dynamic Responses to Trade Policy and Foreign Competition"
by Barry Eichengreen, University of California at Berkeley, and
Lawrence Goulder, Harvard University, 1991.
"Updated Calculations of the Number of U.S. Jobs Supported
(Directly and Indirectly) by U.S. Merchandise and Services Exports to
the World" by Margaret McCarthy, Interindustry Economic Research
Fund, 1994.
"The Impact of Foreign Trade on U.S. Wages and Employment" by
Lawrence Mishel and John Schmitt, Economic Policy Institute, in
process.
"Who Benefits from Free Trade: The Impact of Foreign
Competition on Occupational Employment and Wages in U.S.
Manufacturing, 1967-1992" by Lori G. Kletzer, University of
California at Santa Cruz, in process.
INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION;
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE; INDUSTRY STUDIES
"Trade, Technology, and the Wages of Unskilled U.S. Workers" by
Robert Z. Lawrence, Harvard University, 1996.
"Multinational Corporations, Outsourcing, and American Wage
Divergence" by Matthew J. Slaughter, Dartmouth College.
"The Impact of Technology, Trade, and Outsourcing on Employment
and Labor Composition" by Catherine J. Morrison, Tufts University,
and Donald Siegel, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1995.
"Flexible Suppliers and the Creation and Stability of U.S.
Employment" by Elsie Echeverri-Carroll, University of Texas at
Austin, 1994.
"Labor in Foreign-Owned U.S. Operations" by Robert Lipsey,
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.
"Labor Force Recomposition and Industrial Restructuring in
Electronics: Implications for Free Trade" by Maria Patricia
Fernandez-Kelly, Johns Hopkins University, 1993.
"The Effect of a North American Free Trade Agreement on Apparel
Employment in the U.S." by Thomas Bailey and Roger Waldinger,
Columbia University, 1991.
"U.S.-Mexico Free Trade and the Mexican Garment Industry" by
Gordon Hanson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991.
"Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement on the
Electronics and Computer Sectors" by Susan Walsh Sanderson,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1991.
"Restructuring of the Auto-Supplier Industry: Implications for
Employment and Wages" by Stephen Herzenberg, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 1988.
"Offshore Assembly by U.S. Computer Firms: Employment and Income
Effects" by David Dollar, University of California at Los Angeles,
1986.
"Estimates of Steel Content of U.S. Exports and Imports for
Selected Steel-Bearing Commodities" by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1986
and 1988.
"Quality Upgrading and Its Welfare Cost in U.S. Steel Imports,
1969-74" by Robert Feenstra, University of California at Davis, 1988.
"The Development and Utilization of Human Resources in the
Context of Technological Change and Industrial Restructuring" by Kan
Chen, University of Michigan, 1983.
"Delineation of a Case Study Approach to Assess the Impact of
Automation Technologies on Employment" by Kan Chen, University of
Michigan, 1984.
"The Production and Use of Industrial Robots in Japan: Trends,
Determinants, and Implications for the United States" by David
Howell, New School for Social Research, 1988.
WORKFORCE TRAINING, ASSISTANCE
ALLOCATION; LABOR FORCE AND SUPPLY
"The Wage Structure by Occupation: Skill Level and Skill Type in
the U.S. and Canada, 1981-1991" by Rakesh Kochhar, Joel Popkin and
Company.
"Changes in the Industrial Structure of Job Displacements:
Evidence from the Displaced Worker Surveys" by Michael Podgursky,
University of Massachusetts, 1991.
"The Effects of Trade Liberalization on Workers and the Ability
of Trade Adjustment Assistance to Offset Costs" by Louis Jacobson,
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, Kalamazoo, MI, 1995.
"Labor Market Adjustment and Job Displacement: Evidence from the
January 1984 Displaced Worker Survey" by Michael Podgursky,
University of Massachusetts, 1985.
"Title III of the Job Training Partnership Act as a Labor Force
Adjustment Response to Trade and Technology Related Worker
Dislocations" by Dean R. Tibbs, University of Wisconsin at Lacrosse.
"The Effects of International Competition on Collective
Bargaining Settlements in the United States" by John M. Abowd,
University of Chicago, 1985.
"Effects of Trade and Trade Policy on U.S. Workers: A Theoretical
Framework" by Gary S. Fields, Cornell University, and Earl L.
Grinols, University of Illinois, 1985.
"Manufacturing Sector Dislocation: A Three State Longitudinal
Analysis" by David Stevens and Robert Crosslin, Human Resource Data
Systems, Inc., 1986.
"The Economic Consequences of Jobless Duration for
Displaced Workers" by Janet Hunt and Ronald Warren, Jr., University
of Georgia, 1986.
"Estimating Dynamic Factor Demand Equations" by Robert Rossana,
North Carolina State University, 1987.
"Guidelines for Assisting Trade Displaced Workers: Special
Problems of Long Tenure Workers" by Christopher Ruhm, Boston
University, 1987.
"Updating the Pennsylvania Work-Claim History File to Study TAA"
by Louis Jacobson, Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 1986.
"Designing Trade Adjustment Policies" by Robert Feenstra,
University of California at Davis, 1990.
"Manufacturing Wages and Hours: Do Trade and Technology Matter"
by Frank Stafford, University of Michigan, 1990.
"Does Training Work for Displaced Workers?: A Survey of Existing
Evidence" by Duane Leigh, Washington State University, 1988;
subsequently published with the same the title by the W.E. Upjohn
Institute for Employment Research, Kalamazoo, MI, 1990.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES
"International Comparative Study of Union Density and Employment
and Wage Differentials" by David G. Blanchflower, Dartmouth College.
"Noisy Transition in the Formerly Communist CEE Countries and the
Newly Independent States: Privatization and Labor's Governance Role"
by Joseph Pelzman, George Washington University.
"Transformations and Transitions: The Changing Nature of Labor
Organizations in Post Communist Europe" by Guillermo Grenier, Florida
International University.
"A Comparative Study of Approaches to Workforce Flexibility" by
Susan M. Christopherson, Cornell University.
"Part-Time and Temporary Employment in Japan: A Comparison with
the United States" by Susan Houseman, and Machiko Osawa, Upjohn
Institute for Employment Research, 1994.
"Policy Responses to Short-Term, Temporary, and Part-Time
Employment in France" by Francoise J. Carré University of
Massachusetts--Boston, 1994.
"Policies Aimed at Improving Conditions of Employment in Low Wage
Service Jobs in France" by Francoise J. Carré, University of
Massachusetts--Boston, 1994.
"Experiences of Canadian Provincial Industrial Relations Systems
with Improving Employment Conditions for Workers in Small Worksites"
by Francoise J. Carré, University of Massachusetts--Boston,
1994.
"Labor Adjustment Policies and Practices in Europe" by Susan
Houseman, University of Maryland, 1987.
"Human Resources and Corporate Strategy: Technological Change in
Banks and Insurance Companies: France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, United
States" by Olivier Bertrand, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur jes
Qualifications, Paris, and Thierry Noyelle, Columbia University, New
York, (Center for Educational Research and Innovation: Organization
for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1988).
"International Seminar on the Effects of Structural Change on
Employment and Education and Training in the Service Sector: A
Summary" by Nancy Adelman, Policy Associates, 1989.
WORKER RIGHTS; INTERNATIONAL LABOR
STANDARDS
"Policies to Promote International Labor Rights: An Analytical
Review" by Peter Dorman, Michigan State University, 1995.
"Defining Acceptable Conditions Regarding Minimum Wage for U.S.
Trade Law" by Richard Rothstein, Economic Policy Institute.
International Labor Standards and Global Economic Integration:
Proceedings of a Symposium, G.K. Schoepfle and K.A. Swinnerton
(eds.), (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of
International Labor Affairs, July 1994):
- "Keynote Address" by Robert B. Reich, Secretary of Labor
- International Labor Standards and Economic Integration:
- ---"The Perspective of the International Labor Organization"
by Heribert Maier, Deputy Director-General, International Labor
Office, Geneva;
- ---"The Perspective of the U.S. Trade Representative" by
Mickey Kantor, U.S. Trade Representative;
- ---"The Perspective of the U.S. Department of State" by
Timothy E. Wirth, U.S. Department of State
- International Labor Standards and International Trade:
- ---"International Labor Standards and Business Strategies" by
Michael J. Piore, MIT;
- ---"A Hard-Headed Look at Labor Standards" by Richard B.
Freeman, Harvard University;
- ---"International Labor Standards Once Again!" by T.N.
Srinivasan, Yale University.
- International Labor Standards: The Perspectives of Business
and Labor:
- ---"The Perspective of Business" by Frank P. Doyle, The
General Electric Company;
- ---"The Perspective of Labor" by Thomas R. Donahue, AFL-CIO.
- Policy Perspectives and Future Directions:
- ---"A View from a Former Congressman" by Donald J. Pease,
Oberlin College;
- "A View from a Former U.S. Trade Representative" by Clayton
Yeutter of Hogan & Hartson;
- "A View from Academia" by Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia
University.
- "Emerging Themes" by Kenneth A. Swinnerton and Gregory K.
Schoepfle, U.S. Department of Labor.
Labor Standards and Development in the Global Economy, S.
Herzenberg and J.F. Perez-Lopez (eds.), (Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs, 1990):
- ---"Labor Standards, Economic Development, and International
Trade" by Gary S. Fields, Cornell University
- ---"Labor Standards and Business Strategies" by Michael J.
Piore, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- ---"Singapore" by Linda Y.C. Lim, University of Michigan
- ---"South Korea" by Jong-il You, Notre Dame University
- ---"Turkey" by Nilufer Cagatay, Ramapo College
- ---"Mexico" by Adalberto Garcia-Rocha, El Colegio de Mexico
- ---"India" by Mrinal Datta-Chaudhuri, University of Delhi
- ---"Tanzania" by Richard Sabot, Williams College
- ---"Macroeconomic Adjustment and Labor Market Response: A
Review of Recent Experience in LDCs" by Peter R. Fallon and Luis
A. Riveros, World Bank
- ---"When More Can Be Less: Labor Standards, Development, and
the Informal Economy" by Alejandro Portes, Johns Hopkins
University
- ---"Southern Competition, Labor Standards and Industrial
Development in the North and the South" by Ajit Singh, Cambridge
University
"Beyond Subsistence: Labor Standards and Third World
Development," Report of the Symposium co-convened by the Bureau of
International Labor Affairs of the U.S. Department of Labor and the
Overseas Development Council, 1989.
"Reconciling Labor Standards and Economic Goals" by Thomas A.
Kochan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Willis Norlund,
U.S. Department of Labor, 1989.
"Working Conditions in Export Processing Zones in Selected
Developing Countries" by Starnberger Institut zur Erforschung
Globaler Strukturen, Entwicklung und Krisen E.V., Otto Kreye and
Folker Frobel, 1989.
"An Evaluation of Worker Rights Conditionality Under the
Generalized System of Preferences" by Peter Dorman, Smith College,
1989.
SPECIAL STUDIES
- Changes in China's Labor Market: Implications for the
Future, G.K. Schoepfle (ed.), (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs, 1996):
- ---"Reform of China's State-Owned Enterprises" by Harry G.
Broadman, The World Bank "Labor Force Characteristics and Labor
Force Migration in China" by Xiushi Yang, Old Dominion University
- ---"Employment, Social Security, and Enterprise Reforms in
China" by Lin Lean Lim and Gyorgy Sziraczki, International Labor
Office
- ---"Income Distribution in Chinese Society" by Xiaozhu Liu,
The China Strategic Institute "The Past--and Future--of Labor Law
in China" by James V. Feinerman, The Georgetown University Law
Center
- ---"Impact of China's Changing Labor Situation on U.S.
Enterprises" by Paul J. Lamb, U.S.-China Business Council
"Employment and Social Protection Policies in China: Big REforms
and Limited Outcomes" by Barry L. Friedman, Brandeis University
- ---"The Prospects of a Free Labor Movement in China" by
Dongfang Han, China Labor Information Center
Work Without Protections: Case Studies of the Informal Sector
in Developing Countries, G.K. Schoepfle and J.F. Perez-Lopez
(eds.), (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of
International Labor Affairs, 1993):
- ---"The Informal Economy in Latin America: Definition,
Measurement, and
Policies" by Alejandro Portes and Richard Schauffler, Johns
Hopkins University
- ---"Social Security and the Informal Sector in Latin America:
The Case of Mexico"
by Carmelo Mesa-Lago, University of Pittsburgh
- ---"The Dynamics of Informal Employment in Mexico" by Bryan
Roberts, University of Texas at Austin
- ---"The Informal Sector in the Caribbean: A Comparative Study
of Barbados and Jamaica" by Trevor Boothe and Anthony T. Bryan,
Hemispheric Associates, Falls Church, VA
- ---"The Informal Sector in Southeast Asia" by Harold Lubell,
consultant, Washington, D.C.
- ---"The Role of Informality in East Asian Development, with
Implications for Mexico" by Gary Gereffi and Lu-Lin Cheng, Duke
University
- ---"Informality and the Second Economy in East-Central Europe"
by József Böröcz, Johns Hopkins University and
the Hungarian Academy of Science
- ---"Work and Protections in the Informal Sector" by Gregory K.
Schoepfle and Jorge F. Perez-Lopez, U.S. Department of Labor
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (DOL) - MEXICAN
SECRETARIAT OF LABOR AND SOCIAL WELFARE (STPS) OCCASIONAL PAPER
OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES ON THE INFORMAL SECTOR
"The Informal Sector in Mexico" by the Mexican Secretariat of
Labor and Social Welfare, Occasional Paper No. 1, September 1992.
"The Underground Economy in the United States" by the U.S.
Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs,
Occasional Paper No. 2, September 1992.
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