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Andorra - Child Labor

Indicators

The following indicators should be considered when conducting assessments of compliance (click on links for details):

Legal Framework

• ILO 138 - Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (A-1)
• ILO 182 - Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (A-2)
• UN Convention on Rights of Child
• Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict
• Optional Protocol on Sale of Children
• Prohibition of Economic Exploitation (including Bilateral or Regional Trade Agreements) (A-4)
• Compulsory Education (A-5)
• Minimum Age for Employment (A-6)
• Prohibition of Sexual Exploitation (A-7)
• Prohibition of Child Slavery and Slavery-like Practices (A-8)
• Use of Children in Illicit Activities (A-9)
• Military Recruitment/Conscription of Minors (under 18) (A-10)
• Prohibition of Hazardous Work for Minors (under 18) (A-11)

Government Performance

• Administrative Agency Charged with Promoting Child Labor Standard B-1)
• Labor Inspectorate (B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5)
• Administrative or Judicial Complaint Mechanism (B-6, B-7)
• Government Programs to Combat Child Labor (B-8)
• Government sponsored education campaigns (B-9)
• International Technical Assistance (B-10)
• Government Support of NGO Activities (B-11)

Overall Outcomes

• Number and proportion of “economically active” children (5-17) (C-1)
• Number and proportion of children (5-17) in child labor (distinguished from ‘child work’) (C-2)
• Proportion of children engaged in household chores (C-3)
• Percentage of children working in various employment sectors (C-4)
• Number and percentages of children working in “worst forms of child labor” (C-5)
• Time worked (C-6)
• Number of children living outside their households engaged in child labor (C-7)

Associated Factors

• Labor force participation rate (D-1)
• Socioeconomic status of households with working children (D-2)
• Poverty rate (D-3)
• Adult employment rate (D-4)
• Income per capita (D-5)
• Income inequality (D-6)
• Total fertility rate (D-7)
• Life expectancy rate (D-8)
• Infant Mortality rate (D-9)
• Child Malnutrition rate (D-10)
• Adult Literacy rate (D-11)
• Expenditures on public schools (D-12)
• Net school enrollment (D-13)
• Proportion of school children repeating grades (D-14)
• Retention rates (D-15)
• Student-Teacher ratios (D-16)
• Cost of attending school (D-17)
• Access to micro credit (D-18)
• Demand for child labor (D-19)
• HIV/AIDS prevalence rate (D-20)
• Presence of armed conflict or other civil or political turmoil (D-21)

Sources

International Sources

Social Watch

Provide qualitative information related to poverty, equality, and education.

• Country reports

UN Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

Statistical tables provide quantitative data related to poverty and economic development, gender, and education.

• State of the World's Children
• Committee Assessment of Source

UN Development Program (UNDP)

Human development indicators provide quantitative data related to poverty, gender development, and education. Ratifications of core labor standard conventions are also provided. See also indicators on millenium development goals and technical notes.

• Human Development Reports
• Committee Assessment of Source

UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

The Institute for Statistics collects quantiative information on education (access and participation, resources, literacy and attainment). See also metadata for source notes and definitions.

• Education Statistics
• Committee Assessment of Source

UNICEF

Statistics section provides a snapshot of economic and social indicators (from the State of the World's Children Reports).

• Information by Country
• Committee Assessment of Source

United Nations

Includes State Party Reports and the Conclusions and Observations of UN Committees relating to the CCPR, CEDAW, CERD, CESCR, CMW, CRC.

• Treaty Body Database
• Committee Assessment of Source

World Bank

This database provides country specific information related to education.

• EdStats
• Committee Assessment of Source

This database provides gender-related information on health, labor force participation, and educational attainment by country and region.

• GenderStats
• Committee Assessment of Source

National Sources

Government, Andorra

Potentially useful information

• Government, Andorra, website
• Committee Assessment of Source

Ministry of Health and Welfare, Andorra

Potentially useful information

• Ministry of Health and Welfare, Andorra, website
• Committee Assessment of Source

U.S. Government Sources

U.S. State Department

Section 6 covers Workers' Rights, including "Status of Child Labor Practices and Minimum Age for Employment" and "Acceptable Conditions of Work

• Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
• Committee Assessment of Source

Nongovernmental Organizations

Human Rights Watch

These reports detail the problem of child soldiers and make recommendations for solutions.

• Child Soldier Reports
• Committee Assessment of Source

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions

Brief country-specific reports on issues of compliance with internationally recognized core labor standards.

• Country Reports: WTO & Labour Standards
• Committee Assessment of Source

The 2003 edition of the Annual Survey details violations of trade union rights in 133 countries during the year 2002. These violations range from provisions in national legislation which restrict legitimate trade union activity, through outright bans on freedom of association, to intimidation, wrongful detention, torture and murder of trade unionists.

• Annual Survey of Violations of Trade Union Rights
• Committee Assessment of Source