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Charts 4.1 through 4.5
show indicators of broader labor market and population issues,
some of these in the policy field. Charts 4.1 - 4.3
compare the following policy issues: expenditures on labor market programs, the extent of labor and product market regulations,
and the level of taxation on labor.
Chart 4.4 compares dependency ratios. The dependency ratio is an overall measure of the
dependence that children and the elderly have on people of working age. However, dependency
ratios show the age composition of a population, not necessarily economic dependency. Some
children and elderly people are part of the labor force and some working-age people are not.
Chart 4.5 presents data on trade in goods as a percent of GDP.
This indicator shows an economy’s degree of openness.
The number of countries covered in this section varies from 17 to 20. EU-15 data were
available only for the chart showing dependency ratios.
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