Chart 2.1 Size of the labor force, 2004

Millions

U.S.

147.4

Canada

17.0

Mexico

42.6

Australia

10.2

Japan

65.8

Korea

23.4

New Zealand

2.1

Singapore

2.2

EU-15

179.5

Austria

3.9

Denmark

2.9

France

26.9

Germany

39.8

Ireland

1.9

Italy

24.9

Netherlands

8.5

Norway

2.4

Portugal

5.5

Spain

20.1

Sweden

4.6

U.K.

29.7


Chart 2.2 Average annual growth rates in the labor force, 1994-2004

Percent

U.S.

1.2%

Canada

1.7%

Mexico

2.4%

Australia

1.6%

Japan

0.0%

Korea

1.4%

New Zealand

1.7%

Singapore

2.8%

EU-15

0.8%

Austria

0.2%

Denmark

0.4%

France

0.9%

Germany

0.2%

Ireland

3.0%

Italy

0.6%

Netherlands

1.7%

Norway

1.1%

Portugal

1.4%

Spain

2.3%

Sweden

0.4%

U.K.

0.6%


Chart 2.3 Labor force participation rates by sex, 2004

Blue equals percentage of men
Yellow equals percentage of women

Percent

U.S.

blue equals 73.3%

yellow equals 59.2%

Canada

blue equals 73.2%

yellow equals 61.7%

Mexico

blue equals 81.9%

yellow equals 40.3%

Australia

blue equals 72.7%

yellow equals 57.0%

Japan

blue equals 72.2%

yellow equals 47.6%

Korea

blue equals 71.2%

yellow equals 49.8%

New Zealand

blue equals 73.8%

yellow equals 59.1%

Singapore

blue equals 76.2%

yellow equals 54.9%

EU-15

blue equals 65.5%

yellow equals 48.8%

Austria

blue equals 65.5%

yellow equals 50.0%

Denmark

blue equals 70.9%

yellow equals 60.4%

France

blue equals 63.3%

yellow equals 51.1%

Germany

blue equals 63.9%

yellow equals 49.6%

Ireland

blue equals 3.0%

yellow equals 59.2%

Italy

blue equals 70.8%

yellow equals 49.4%

Netherlands

blue equals 74.2%

yellow equals 57.0%

Norway

blue equals 69.5%

yellow equals 59.8%

Portugal

blue equals 69.5%

yellow equals 54.8%

Spain

blue equals 66.6%

yellow equals 44.3%

Sweden

blue equals 67.8%

yellow equals 59.7%

U.K.

blue equals 70.5%

yellow equals 55.9%


Chart 2.4 Labor force participation rates by age, 2004 for youth and older workers

Percent - Youth participation rates

U.S.

61.1%

Canada

67.0%

Mexico

48.3%

Australia

67.2%

Japan

44.2%

Korea

34.7%

New Zealand

62.6%

EU-15

48.2%

Austria

56.1%

Denmark

66.4%

France

37.5%

Germany

47.5%

Ireland

48.8%

Italy

35.6%

Netherlands

72.0%

Norway

61.1%

Portugal

43.6%

Spain

49.2%

Sweden

51.5%

U.K.

67.4%

Percent - Older workers participation rates

U.S.

62.3%

Canada

57.4%

Mexico

55.7%

Australia

53.8%

Japan

66.0%

Korea

59.7%

New Zealand

68.9%

EU-15

44.6%

Austria

28.7%

Denmark

65.5%

France

39.6%

Germany

44.2%

Ireland

50.7%

Italy

31.8%

Netherlands

46.3%

Norway

68.8%

Portugal

53.2%

Spain

44.4%

Sweden

73.1%

U.K.

58.0%


Chart 2.5 Employment as a percent of the working-age population, 2004

Percent

U.S.

62.3%

Canada

63.4%

Mexico

58.1%

Australia

61.2%

Japan

57.1%

Korea

58.3%

New Zealand

63.7%

Singapore

61.8%

EU-15

52.1%

Austria

54.6%

Denmark

61.8%

France

51.3%

Germany

50.9%

Ireland

57.3%

Italy

45.1%

Netherlands

62.4%

Norway

61.6%

Portugal

57.6%

Spain

49.1%

Sweden

59.5%

U.K.

60.0%


Chart 2.6 Average annual growth rates in employment, 1994-2004

Percent

U.S.

1.2%

Canada

2.0%

Mexico

2.4%

Australia

2.0%

Japan

minus 0.2%

Korea

1.3%

New Zealand

2.2%

Singapore

2.5%

EU-15

1.1%

Austria

0.1%

Denmark

0.7%

France

1.1%

Germany

0.0%

Ireland

4.2%

Italy

0.9%

Netherlands

1.9%

Norway

1.2%

Portugal

1.4%

Spain

3.9%

Sweden

0.7%

U.K.

1.0%


Chart 2.7 Average annual growth rates in full-time and part-time employment, 1994-2004

Full-time equals blue
Part-time equals yellow

Percent

U.S.

blue equals 1.5%

yellow equals 0.7%

Canada

blue equals 2.1%

yellow equals 1.8%

Mexico

blue equals 2.8%

yellow equals 1.5%

Australia

blue equals 1.5%

yellow equals 2.9%

Japan

blue equals minus 0.8%

yellow equals 1.5%

Korea

blue equals 0.8%

yellow equals 7.7%

New Zealand

blue equals 2.1%

yellow equals 2.7%

EU-15

blue equals 0.9%

yellow equals 3.1%

Austria

blue equals 65.5%

yellow equals 50.0%

Denmark

blue equals minus 0.9%

yellow equals 3.4%

France

blue equals 1.0%

yellow equals 0.6%

Germany

blue equals minus 0.9%

yellow equals 3.9%

Ireland

blue equals 3.6%

yellow equals 7.8%

Italy

blue equals 0.5%

yellow equals 5.1%

Netherlands

blue equals 1.0%

yellow equals 3.9%

Norway

blue equals 1.2%

yellow equals 0.9%

Portugal

blue equals 1.3%

yellow equals 1.4%

Spain

blue equals 3.2%

yellow equals 6.1%

Sweden

blue equals 0.9%

yellow equals minus 0.2%

U.K.

blue equals 0.6%

yellow equals 1.6%


Chart 2.8 Annual hours worked per employed person, 1994 and 2004

Blue equals 1994
Yellow equals 2004

Hours

U.S.

blue equals 1864

yellow equals 1824

Canada

blue equals 1749

yellow equals 1751

Mexico

blue equals 1863

yellow equals 1848

Australia

blue equals 1875

yellow equals 1816

Japan

blue equals minus 1898

yellow equals 1789

Korea

blue equals 2471

yellow equals 2380

New Zealand

blue equals 1851

yellow equals 1826

Austria

blue equals 1587

yellow equals 1550

Denmark

blue equals minus 1495

yellow equals 1454

France

blue equals 1582

yellow equals 1441

Germany

blue equals minus 1536

yellow equals 1443

Ireland

blue equals 1824

yellow equals 1642

Italy

blue equals 1607

yellow equals 1585

Netherlands

blue equals 1362

yellow equals 1357

Norway

blue equals 1432

yellow equals 1363

Portugal

blue equals 1744

yellow equals 1694

Spain

blue equals 1816

yellow equals 1799

Sweden

blue equals 1621

yellow equals minus 1585

U.K.

blue equals 1736

yellow equals 1669


Chart 2.9 Unemployment rates, 2004

Percent

U.S.

5.5%

Canada

6.4%

Mexico

3.0%

Australia

5.5%

Japan

4.8%

Korea

3.7%

New Zealand

3.9%

Singapore

4.8%

EU-15

8.1%

Austria

4.8%

Denmark

5.4%

France

9.8%

Germany

9.9%

Ireland

4.5%

Italy

8.1%

Netherlands

4.7%

Norway

4.4%

Portugal

6.7%

Spain

10.9%

Sweden

6.6%

U.K.

4.8%


Chart 2.10 Youth unemployment rates, 2004

Blue equals Teenagers
Yellow equals 20 - 24-year-olds

Percent

U.S.

blue equals 17.0%

yellow equals 9.4%

Canada

blue equals 17.1%

yellow equals 9.6%

Mexico

blue equals 7.0%

yellow equals 5.9%

Australia

blue equals 15.8%

yellow equals 8.5%

Japan

blue equals 12.0%

yellow equals 9.1%

Korea

blue equals 13.4%

yellow equals 9.5%

New Zealand

blue equals 12.6%

yellow equals 6.9%

Singapore

blue equals 20.0%

yellow equals 6.3%

EU-15

blue equals 18.4%

yellow equals 15.8%

Austria

blue equals 13.4%

yellow equals 7.8%

Denmark

blue equals 7.0%

yellow equals 8.5%

France

blue equals 26.5%

yellow equals 20.4%

Germany

blue equals 8.7%

yellow equals 13.3%

Ireland

blue equals 12.1%

yellow equals 6.9%

Italy

blue equals 34.4%

yellow equals 21.0%

Netherlands

blue equals 10.9%

yellow equals 6.9%

Norway

blue equals 16.7%

yellow equals 9.0%

Portugal

blue equals 21.8%

yellow equals 13.5%

Spain

blue equals 30.6%

yellow equals 19.9%

Sweden

blue equals 22.8%

yellow equals 14.9%

U.K.

blue equals 15.5%

yellow equals 7.9%


Chart 2.11 Ratio of youth to adult unemployment rates, 2004

Ratio

U.S.

2.7

Canada

2.3

Mexico

3.1

Australia

2.8

Japan

2.3

Korea

3.6

New Zealand

3.4

Singapore

2.0

EU-15

2.2

Austria

2.3

Denmark

1.6

France

2.6

Germany

1.3

Ireland

2.2

Italy

3.6

Netherlands

2.1

Norway

3.6

Portugal

2.7

Spain

2.3

Sweden

3.2

U.K.

3.7


Chart 2.12 Persons unemployed one year or longer, 2004 as a percent of total unemployment

Percent

U.S.

12.7%

Canada

9.5%

Mexico

1.1%

Australia

20.7%

Japan

33.7%

Korea

1.1%

New Zealand

11.7%

EU-15

42.4%

Austria

24.5%

Denmark

22.6%

France

41.6%

Germany

51.8%

Ireland

34.3%

Italy

49.7%

Netherlands

32.5%

Norway

9.2%

Portugal

43.2%

Spain

37.7%

Sweden

18.9%

U.K.

21.4%


Chart 2.13 Ratio of unemployment rate of persons without high school degrees to that of persons with college or university degrees, 2003

Blue equals Men
Yellow equals Women

Ratio

U.S.

blue equals 3.0

yellow equals 3.8

Canada

blue equals 2.0

yellow equals 2.2

Mexico

blue equals 0.6

yellow equals 0.6

Australia

blue equals 2.6

yellow equals 3.0

Japan

blue equals 2.6

yellow equals 1.4

Korea

blue equals 1.0

yellow equals 0.6

New Zealand

blue equals 1.4

yellow equals 1.5

Austria

blue equals 4.7

yellow equals 3.2

Denmark

blue equals 1.5

yellow equals 1.8

France

blue equals 1.6

yellow equals 1.8

Germany

blue equals 4.7

yellow equals 2.8

Ireland

blue equals 2.8

yellow equals 2.3

Italy

blue equals 1.9

yellow equals 1.9

Netherlands

blue equals 1.6

yellow equals 1.9

Norway

blue equals 1.6

yellow equals 1.5

Portugal

blue equals na

yellow equals 1.2

Spain

blue equals 1.4

yellow equals 1.9

Sweden

blue equals 1.2

yellow equals 2.6

U.K.

blue equals 3.1

yellow equals 2.5


Chart 2.14 Educational attainment of the adult population, 2003 by highest level of education attained

Red equals below upper secondary
Yellow equals upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary
Blue equals tertiary

Percent

U.S.

blue equals 38.0%

yellow equals 49%

red equals 12%

Canada

blue equals 44%

yellow equals 40%

red equals 16%

Mexico

blue equals 15%

yellow equals 6%

red equals 79%

Australia

blue equals 31%

yellow equals 31%

red equals 38%

Japan

blue equals 37%

yellow equals 47%

red equals 16%

Korea

blue equals 29%

yellow equals 44%

red equals 27%

New Zealand

blue equals 31%

yellow equals 47%

red equals 22%

Austria

blue equals 15%

yellow equals 64%

red equals 21%

Denmark

blue equals 32%

yellow equals 50%

red equals 18%

France

blue equals 23%

yellow equals 41%

red equals 35%

Germany

blue equals 24%

yellow equals 59%

red equals 17%

Ireland

blue equals 26%

yellow equals 35%

red equals 38%

Italy

blue equals 10%

yellow equals 36%

red equals 54%

Netherlands

blue equals 24%

yellow equals 42%

red equals 34%

Norway

blue equals 31%

yellow equals 56%

red equals 13%

Portugal

blue equals 11%

yellow equals 12%

red equals 77%

Spain

blue equals 25%

yellow equals 18%

red equals 57%

Sweden

blue equals 33%

yellow equals 49%

red equals 18%

U.K.

blue equals 28%

yellow equals 56%

red equals 16%